Leading Professions

• : Pilot Astronauts are responsible for flying and navigating spacecraft. They have extensive flight experience, often as military or test pilots, and are trained to operate complex spacecraft systems. Their role is critical during launch, orbit maneuvers, docking, and re-entry.

• : Mission Specialists focus on scientific experiments, payload operations, and technical tasks during space missions. They typically have advanced degrees in science or engineering and perform research and maintenance aboard spacecraft and space stations.

• : Payload Specialists are experts brought on board for specific experiments or equipment. They may be scientists or engineers with specialized knowledge relevant to the mission’s objectives.

• : These astronauts are trained specifically for extravehicular activities (spacewalks). They perform repairs, installations, and scientific work outside the spacecraft, requiring high physical fitness and technical skill.

• : Flight Engineers monitor and maintain spacecraft systems during missions. They ensure the operational integrity of life support, power, and communication systems and support mission control.

• : Medical Officers monitor crew health, manage medical emergencies, and conduct research on the effects of spaceflight on the human body. They often have medical degrees and specialized training in space medicine.

• : Experienced astronauts who train new candidates in spacecraft systems, mission protocols, and physical conditioning. They develop training programs and simulations to prepare astronauts for space missions.

• : Engineers who design, test, and troubleshoot spacecraft systems. They work closely with astronauts and mission planners to ensure spacecraft functionality and safety.

• : Professionals who fly on commercial spaceflights, including space tourists and private mission specialists. They undergo specialized training for commercial space vehicles.

• : Astronauts or space professionals who engage with the public, media, and educational institutions to promote space exploration and inspire future generations.